By Maureen Howard
نویسندگان
چکیده
The use of anti-Ig antibodies to stimulate polyclonal proliferation through Ig receptors expressed on the B cell membrane has been a popular model for antigendriven B cell activation (1-7). Initially it was proposed that anti-Ig-induced proliferation proceeded independently of T cells and other accessory ceils, as vigorous depletion of such cell types failed to prevent activation (3, 8). However, certain features of anti-Ig-induced B cell activation challenged the view that the response was a simple consequence of the interaction of anti-Ig and membrane Ig. In particular, the relationship between cell density and magnitude of the proliferative response was nonlinear and rapidly declined to background proliferation levels at cell numbers below 105 per microtiter well (3, 6). Furthermore, the opt imum doses of anti-Ig used in such studies far exceeded the amount required to saturate membrane Ig receptors and induce capping of membrane components. Precise delineation of the stimuli required for anti-Ig-induced B cell activation requires a functional assay in which contaminat ing accessory cells potentially capable of endogenous factor production have been excluded. To this end, we have investigated conditions required for polyclonal activation of highly purified mouse B lymphocytes cultured at low cell density (e.g., 5 × 104 cells/well). Using such an assay, we have shown the role of a T cell-derived factor, designated B cell growth factor (BCGF), 1 in anti-IgM-induced B cell proliferation. (9). In this report we demonstrate that in the presence of opt imum amounts ofBCGF, anti-IgM-induced proliferation of B cells cultured at lower densities (1-2 × 104 cells/well) is enhanced by the addition of a second soluble factor. Biochemical analyses identify this second cofactor as the previously described monokine interleukin 1 (IL-1).
منابع مشابه
SCIENCE COUNCIL OF THE CGIAR Commentary on the Meta-Evaluation of EPMRs
The Science Council discussed the report of the Meta-Evaluation of the EPMRs at the 8th Science Council meeting, at Bioversity International. The members of the meta-evaluation Panel, Howard Elliott and Maureen Robinson gave an overview of the study and presented the key findings. In addition to the items in the TOR to identify common issues with System level significance and implications, and ...
متن کاملManookin Et Al
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 Distinctive receptive field and physiological properties of a wide-field amacrine cell in the macaque 7 monkey retina 8 9 10 Michael B. Manookin, Christian Puller, Fred Rieke, Jay Neitz, Maureen Neitz 11 Department of Ophthalmology, Physiology and Biophysics Department, HHMI, University of 12 Washington, Seattle, WA 98109 13 14 Corresponding authors: Michael B. Manookin (manookin@...
متن کاملزنبورهای پارازیتویید و هیپرپارازیتویید شپشک‌ها، موجود در موزه حشرات هایک میرزایانس، ایران
زنبورهای پارازیتویید و هیپرپارازیتویید شپشک‌های گیاهی که در موزه حشرات هایک میرزایانس، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، تهران، نگه‌داری می‌شوند، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. این زنبورها از نقاط مختلف کشور جمع‌آوری شده و متعلق به چهار خانواده بودند. در مجموع 35 گونه به شرح زیر شناسایی شد:Aphelinidae: Ablerus atomon (Walker), Ablerus sp., Aphytis chrysomphali (Mercet), A. mytilaspidis (Le Baron), A. proc...
متن کاملمطالعه مقدماتی شکل شناسی ، زیست شناسی و کارآیی زنبور پارازیتویید (Encarsia pergandiella Howard ( Hym.: Aphelinidae
متن کامل
The Gulf oil spill.
From the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh (B.D.G.); and the Department of Psychiatry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (H.J.O.); and the Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine (M.Y.L.) — both in New Orleans. Address repr...
متن کامل